Key data
| Stowage factor | 1.50–2.20 m³/t (typical 1.80)53.0–77.7 ft³/t (typical 63.6) |
|---|---|
| Form | Baled |
| IMSBC group | n/a Not classified under the IMSBC Code (e.g. breakbulk or bagged goods). |
| Broken stowage | 10% |
ft³/t values are per metric tonne (1 m³/t ≈ 35.31 ft³/t). Stowage factors are indicative — see note below.
Description
Wood pulp is shipped in pressed, wrapped bales as feedstock for papermaking. At around 1.80 m3/t it is a light, bulky measurement cargo. A clean cargo, its handling is shaped by two things: its strong tendency to absorb water and swell, and its combustibility.
Stowage & loading
Bales are loaded by crane or clamp truck and stowed compactly in clean, dry holds, blocked so the stow is stable. Keeping the cargo dry is the priority, because wetted pulp swells with great force, and damaged or wet bales are set aside rather than worked into the stow.
Hazards & handling
The cargo is highly hygroscopic: wetted bales swell powerfully, and a swelling stow can strain bulkheads and the ship's structure as well as ruining the pulp. The pulp is combustible, so ignition sources are controlled, and torn or wet bales and broken wrapping are the main handling concerns.
Carriage & discharge
The holds are kept dry and free of leaks and condensation, with the stow monitored for any sign of wetting or swelling, and ignition sources excluded. Discharge is by crane or clamp; wetted or swollen bales are segregated and noted, and the condition recorded against the receipts.
Key hazards
- Powerful swelling of wetted bales straining the stow and structure
- Combustibility requiring ignition-source control
- Wet and torn bales degrading the cargo
Loading precautions
- Stow in clean, dry holds and keep the cargo dry throughout
- Set aside damaged or wet bales and control ignition sources
- Monitor the stow for wetting and swelling and protect the structure
Stowage factors are indicative and vary with grade, origin, moisture and packing. Always verify against the shipper's cargo declaration and the applicable IMSBC Code schedule before fixing or loading. This is general information, not professional or safety advice.