Key data
| Stowage factor | 0.50–0.75 m³/t (typical 0.62)17.7–26.5 ft³/t (typical 21.9) |
|---|---|
| Form | Bulk |
| IMSBC group | A Cargoes that may liquefy if shipped above their moisture limit. |
| BCSN | NICKEL ORE |
ft³/t values are per metric tonne (1 m³/t ≈ 35.31 ft³/t). Stowage factors are indicative — see note below.
Description
Nickel ore is a moist, fine, often clay-like ore shipped from tropical mines to smelters. At around 0.62 m3/t it is a deadweight cargo, but its defining feature is danger, not density: it is a Group A cargo that can liquefy, and it has been responsible for the loss of ships and crews.
Stowage & loading
Loading proceeds only when the moisture content is shown to be below the transportable moisture limit, supported by valid certificates and the master's own checks, since wet ore can liquefy at sea. Can tests and monitoring of mine and stockpile conditions inform the decision to load.
Hazards & handling
The overriding hazard is liquefaction: moisture above the TML lets the cargo flow under the ship's motion, forming a free surface that can shift and capsize the vessel. Wet-season and rain-affected cargo is especially suspect, and the master may rightly refuse cargo that appears too wet.
Carriage & discharge
The stow is watched for any sign of moisture migration, free water or a shifting surface throughout the voyage, with conditions logged. Discharge is by grab; the high-density, sticky ore is worked from a stable face, and holds are cleaned of the clinging residue on completion.
Key hazards
- Liquefaction when moisture exceeds the transportable moisture limit
- Free-surface formation and cargo shift threatening stability
- Wet-season and rain-affected cargo being especially dangerous
Loading precautions
- Confirm moisture content is below the TML with valid certificates and own checks
- Refuse or stop loading cargo that appears too wet or shows free moisture
- Monitor the stow for moisture migration and surface movement at sea
Stowage factors are indicative and vary with grade, origin, moisture and packing. Always verify against the shipper's cargo declaration and the applicable IMSBC Code schedule before fixing or loading. This is general information, not professional or safety advice.